Prologue: Fredericksburg, 13 December 1862

Acknowledgements

The Scope of this Study

PART ONE: WELSH AMERICA ON THE EVE OF CIVIL WAR

1. The Bards and the Bowie Knife

2. Frederick Douglass’s ‘Welsh Friend’

PART TWO: WELSH AMERICA AND THE UNION WAR EFFORT: AN OVERVIEW

3. Sons of Columbia, Sons of Arthur: The Militarization of Welsh America and the Literature of Enlistment

4. ‘For Freedom, Union and Order’

5. ‘We, the Welsh of the Regiment’

6. The Moles Beneath Welsh America’s Political Landscape: Exceptions to the Union Rule

PART THREE: WRITING WAR, WRITING PEACE

7. Writing on the Home Front

8. Turing Pens into Swords: Soldiers’ Poetry

9. ‘Ink made from Gunpowder’: Prose of the Battlefield

PART FOUR: WRITING FREEDOM

10. Star over Washington: The Literature of Emancipation

11. Pulling down the Pillars: Recording the Service of African-American Soldiers

12. ‘Heroic Descendants of the Ancient Britons. . . Remember the Eighth of November!’: The Election of 1864

13. ‘The Ashes of Nations’: Endings and Beginnings

14. ‘Our Lincoln’